1. GENERAL PROVISIONS.

1.1. Persons who are at least 18 years of age, specially trained and certified in accordance with the above Rules and having this mark in the certificate of knowledge verification, may be allowed to operate the hoists and rigging works. 1.2. Hoisting mechanisms (hoists, winches) must be maintained and operated in accordance with the "Rules for the Construction and Safe Operation of Cranes" and "Rules safe work with tools and accessories ".
1.3. On the hoists in operation, the name of the enterprise, the inventory number, the carrying capacity and the date of the next technical examination.
1.4. Repair and maintenance of electric hoists must be carried out by electrical personnel with a group of at least III. Workers of the main professions, which, by the nature of the work performed, are related to the operation of hoists, must be trained in a related profession according to a special program. They must be certified by the qualification commission and a record of admission to the execution of slinging works is made in the certificate.
1.5. Electric hoist bodies must be grounded. The body of the push-button control apparatus of the hoist, controlled from the floor, must be made of insulating material, or grounded by at least two conductors; as one of the grounding conductors, a cable can be used, on which the push-button apparatus is suspended.
1.6. Launchers manual control hoists must be suspended on a steel cable of such length that it is possible to operate the mechanism from a safe distance from the load being lifted. If the control device is located less than 0.5 m from the floor, it should be suspended on a hook fixed on a cable at a height of 1-1.5 m.
1.7. Electric hoists must be equipped with limit switches to automatically stop the lifting mechanism. When lifting a load with electric hoists, bring the hook clip up to the limit switch and do not use the latter for automatic stop.
1.8. Electric hoists must be equipped with two brakes: electromagnetic and load-resistant. The safety factor of the braking of the electromagnetic brake must be at least 1.25, and the load-resistant one must be 1.1. Electric hoists must be equipped with a load limiter and a lower hook stop.
1.9. The lifting mechanism for hand hoists must be equipped with an automatic load brake. The brake must ensure a smooth lowering of the load when the traction wheel rotates under the action of the traction force and the automatic stop of the load when its action stops. 1.10. To fasten hand hoists to pipelines and their hangers prohibited.

1.11. Stationary hoists are tested on site, portable test hoists are suspended from a tripod or some other structure.
1.12. Hoists, at least once every 12 months, must undergo a full technical examination.
1.13. An extraordinary full technical examination of lifting mechanisms should be carried out after their reconstruction, repair metal structures mechanisms with the replacement of design elements or units, overhaul or changing mechanisms, replacing the hook.
1.14. The technical examination must be carried out by an engineer and technical worker who supervises the lifting mechanisms at the enterprise, with the participation of a person responsible for their good condition.
1.15. Static testing of lifting mechanisms is carried out with a load 25% higher than their rated carrying capacity in order to check the strength of the mechanisms and their individual elements. In a static test, the test weight is raised to a height of 100 mm and held in this position for 10 minutes.
1.16. A load lifting device that withstands the static test is subjected to a dynamic test.
1.17. A dynamic test of the lifting mechanism must be carried out with a load 10% higher than the rated lifting capacity of the mechanism in order to check the operation of its brakes.
The safety factor of braking, depending on the mode of operation and the type of drive of the mechanism, should be 1.5-2.5.
1.18. Dynamic tests consist in repeated (at least 6 times) rises to a height of at least 1 m and lowering of the test load.
1.19. During dynamic tests, brakes, limit switches, smooth operation of the load and traction chains are checked. In the event of running, skipping or slipping of the chain along the sprocket and traction wheels, the hoists are rejected.
1.20. In the dynamic test of electric hoists, the operation of the brakes must be checked separately. To check the brakes during operations, the mechanisms must be stopped at least 3 times in each direction.
1.21. When dynamically testing the hoists, all operations should be carried out 2 times, while the action of the lower position of the hook suspension should be checked.
After the end of the tests, the adjustment of the load limiter should be carried out and its operation should be checked.
1.22. When testing hoists, there should be no spontaneous lowering of the load. If cracks, breaks and deformations are found, the hoists are rejected.
1.23. It is allowed to carry out a dynamic test of electric hoists with a load exceeding their rated carrying capacity by 25%. In this case, it is permitted not to carry out the static test.
1.24. The date and results of the technical examination of the lifting mechanism, the person who carried out the survey, writes in the passport of the mechanism indicating the date of the next survey, as well as information about the repairs performed.

1.25. Before commissioning, after major repairs and periodically, but at least once a year, the insulation resistance of the electrical equipment should be measured with a 500 V megohmmeter. The insulation resistance should be at least 0.5 MΩ.
1.26. Electrical equipment of hoists with an insulation resistance of less than 0.5 MΩ must be dried.

2. Safety requirements before starting work.

2.1. The position of the hoist must be determined so that there is sufficient space for viewing the working area and maneuvering.
2.2. The mass of the weights to be lifted must be determined before lifting. The load on the lifting mechanisms must not exceed their carrying capacity.
2.3. For loads for which the available special devices (loops, trunnions, frames) are designed to lift the load in various positions, slinging schemes should be developed.
2.4. The condition of the hoists should be checked before each use.
2.5. Before starting work, the electric steel must be inspected.
At the same time, attention should be paid to their cleanliness, the presence of lubrication, the condition of the chains, ropes, gear teeth and sprockets, the serviceability of the cotter pins or rivets at the ends of the main axle, the reliability of the chains on the sprockets and the fastening of the rope to the drum, wear of the rolling surface of the running rollers, the distance between flanges of rollers and extreme edges of a monorail track, serviceability of the electromagnetic brake of electric hoists and the degree of wear of friction gaskets: condition of electric motors, electrical wiring and contacts, control devices, pantograph and limit switch, no jamming of mechanisms and slippage of chains, as well as the noise level that occurs during the operation of hoists ...
The teeth of sprockets and gears, as well as chains, should not have cracks, burrs and dents on the surface, plate chains must be movable in all pivot joints.
2.6. If defects are found, defective units and parts must be replaced before starting work.

3. Safety requirements during work.

3.1. The place of production of work on lifting and moving loads should be well lit during work.
In case of insufficient lighting at the place of work, heavy snowfall, fog, as well as other cases when the person operating the hoist does not clearly distinguish the signals of the slinger or the moving load, the hoist should be stopped.
3.2. Supply of electrical voltage to lifting mechanism from the external power supply must be carried out using an input device with manual and remote control to remove the voltage.

3.3. Load hooks for loads over 3 tons must be made rotating, with the exception of hooks for special purposes.
Load hooks, from the mouth of which removable lifting devices may fall out during operation, must be equipped with a safety lock.
3.4. The lifting of a load for which slinging schemes have not been developed should be carried out in the presence and under the guidance of an employee responsible for the safe conduct of work with cranes.
3.5. Loads suspended from the hook of the lifting device must be securely tied with ropes so that they do not fall during their movement. separate parts(boards, timber, pipes, etc.) and ensured a stable position of the load during movement. Slinging long loads should be done with a double sling, and in the case of vertical lifting - with a sling with a safety clip.
3.6. In the area of ​​movement of goods, all openings must be closed or fenced and warning safety signs posted.
3.7. When moving the load in the horizontal direction, it must first be lifted 0.5 m higher than the objects encountered on the way.
3.8. It is allowed to lower loads to a previously prepared place, where their fall is excluded. For the convenience of removing slings from under the load at the place of its installation, it is necessary to lay strong gaskets under it.
3.9. It is prohibited to lower loads on floors, supports and platforms without preliminary calculation of the structural strength and to overload them in excess of permissible loads.
3.10. It is prohibited to leave the load in a suspended state, as well as to lift and move people with lifting mechanisms that are not intended for lifting them. In the event of a malfunction of the mechanism, when the load cannot be lowered, the place under the suspended load must be fenced and posters "Dangerous zone", "Passage closed" must be displayed.
3.11. Operation with disabled or defective safety devices and brakes is prohibited.
It is forbidden to simultaneously raise or lower two loads that are in close proximity to each other.
3.12. Before lifting, the load must be raised to a height of no more than 300 mm to check the correct slinging, the uniformity of the tension of the slings, the stability of the lifting mechanism and the reliability of the brake, only after that the load should be raised to the required height, to correct the slinging, the load must be lowered.
3.13. The load must be lifted smoothly, without jerking or swaying.
3.14. All rubbing parts of the hoists should be lubricated at least 1 time per month.

4. Safety requirements at the end of work.

4.1. After finishing work, put in order workplace, turn off all electric motors of mechanisms involved in loading and unloading operations,
remove all devices, slings, auxiliary ropes and put in order the rest of the inventory, tools.
4.2. Report the completion of the work to the work supervisor.
4.3. Tidy up overalls, remove dust and dirt, take a shower.

5. Safety requirements in emergency situations.

5.1. In the event of an accident or an emergency, take measures to prevent and eliminate the danger.
5.2. Immediately inform your immediate supervisor of any industrial accident, signs of illness, or a situation that poses a threat to the life and health of people.
5.3. In case of electric shock, it is necessary to immediately release the victim from the action of the current, observing the requirements of electrical safety, provide first aid and call a medical worker, notify the management.
5.4. In the event of a fire, inform the fire brigade by phone 01, the work supervisor and start extinguishing.

This instruction on labor protection when working with an electric hoist is available for free viewing and downloads.

1. GENERAL LABOR PROTECTION REQUIREMENTS

1.1. To work with an electric hoist, an employee must be at least 18 years old, who has the necessary theoretical and practical training, has passed a medical examination and has no contraindications for health reasons, who has passed introductory and primary at the workplace briefings on labor protection and training, certified by the qualification commission and received admission to independent work.
1.2. An employee working with an electric hoist (hereinafter referred to as an employee) must periodically, at least once a year, undergo training and testing of knowledge of labor protection requirements and receive admission to work of increased danger.
1.3. An employee, regardless of qualifications and work experience, must undergo repeated instruction on labor protection at least once every three months; in case of violation of labor protection requirements by him, as well as in case of a break in work for more than 30 calendar days, he must undergo an unscheduled briefing.
1.4. An employee authorized to operate an electric hoist must know: Rules for the construction and safe operation of cranes (in the part related to it). The manufacturer's instructions for the operation of the serviced electric hoist. The structure and purpose of its mechanisms and safety devices. Safe methods of strapping and holding cargo. Methods for determining the suitability of ropes, removable lifting devices. Rules, norms and instructions for labor protection and fire safety... Rules for the use of primary fire extinguishing equipment. First aid methods in case of accidents. Internal labor regulations of the organization.
1.5. An employee who has shown unsatisfactory skills and knowledge of safe operation of an electric hoist and hanging a load on the hook of such a machine is not allowed to work independently.
1.6. A worker working with an electric hoist must be aware that in order to check the good condition of the electric hoist, he must undergo a periodic technical examination.
1.7. An employee sent to participate in work unusual for his profession must undergo targeted instruction on the safe performance of the forthcoming work.
1.8. The employee is prohibited from using tools, devices and equipment, the safe handling of which he is not trained.
1.9. When working with an electric hoist, a worker can be adversely affected, mainly by the following hazardous and harmful production factors:
- a load falling from a height (for example, if the load is not properly strapped or a sling breaks);
- electric current, the path of which, in the event of a short circuit, can pass through the human body;
- unprotected moving (rotating) elements, parts, assemblies of the electric hoist;
- sharp edges, burrs, roughness on the surface steel ropes, electric hoist, transported goods.
1.10. An employee operating an electric hoist during work must use personal protective equipment against the effects of hazardous and harmful production factors.
1.11. To prevent the possibility of a fire, the employee must comply with the fire safety requirements himself and not allow other employees to violate these requirements; smoking is allowed only in specially designated areas.
1.12. The employee is obliged to comply with labor and production discipline, internal labor regulations. It is not allowed to perform work while in a state drunkenness or in a state caused by the consumption of narcotic drugs, psychotropic, toxic or other intoxicating substances, as well as drinking alcohol, using narcotic drugs, psychotropic, toxic or other intoxicating substances in the workplace or in work time;
1.13. If an accident occurs with any of the workers, then the victim must be provided with first aid, report the incident to the manager and preserve the situation of the incident, if this does not pose a danger to others.
1.14. The employee, if necessary, must be able to provide the victim with first aid, use a first-aid kit.
1.15. To prevent the possibility of illness, the employee should follow the rules of personal hygiene, including thoroughly washing his hands with soap and water before eating.
1.16. An employee who has committed a violation or failure to comply with the requirements of the labor protection instructions is considered as a violator of production discipline and may be brought to disciplinary liability, and depending on the consequences - to criminal liability; if the violation is related to the infliction of material damage, then the perpetrator may be held liable in accordance with the established procedure.

2. LABOR PROTECTION REQUIREMENTS BEFORE STARTING WORK

2.1. Before starting work, you should put on overalls, safety footwear and other personal protective equipment necessary for work from the effects of hazardous and harmful production factors.
2.2. Overalls must be of adequate size, clean and free of movement.
2.3. Before starting to work on the electric hoist, you need to make sure that all its mechanisms are in good working order.
2.4. Before starting work with the electric hoist, you must do the following:
2.4.1. Inspect the machine mechanisms, their fasteners and brakes.
2.4.2. Check the serviceability of the flexible electric cable and the control panel.
2.4.3. Inspect in accessible places the condition of the ropes, their lubrication.
2.4.4. Inspect the hook and its attachment in the cage.
2.4.5. Check the presence and serviceability of safety devices (limit switches, etc.).
2.4.6. Check the presence and serviceability of the grounding conductor to the starter box, as well as the serviceability of the start buttons, serviceability of the insulation on the electrical wiring.
2.5. Before starting work, it is necessary to check the correspondence of removable load-gripping devices to the mass and nature of the cargo, their serviceability and the availability of information on the date of the last test on them.
2.6. Inspection of the flexible electric cable should be carried out with the switch disconnected.
2.7. After inspecting the electric hoist, before starting it, it is necessary to test the operation of its mechanisms at idle speed and check the operability of the operation: the electric drive of the electric hoist, safety devices, brakes, load height limiter.
2.8. If, during the inspection and testing of the electric hoist, faults or deficiencies are found that impede safe operation, and it is impossible to eliminate them on our own, it is prohibited to start working on such an electric hoist.
2.9. Do not start working on the electric hoist if you have the following faults:
- cracks or deformations in the metal structure of the electric hoist;
- the number of breaks in the wires of the cargo and pull ropes or surface wear exceeds the established norm, and there is also a torn strand or other damage;
- defects in the lifting mechanism that threaten the safety of work;
- damage to the brake parts of the load lifting mechanism;
- hook wear in the shed in excess of 10% of the original section height;
- lack of fencing of mechanisms and the presence of bare live parts of electrical equipment.
2.10. The body of the push-button control device of the electric hoist must be made of insulating material or grounded at least two conductors.
2.11. The electric hoist launcher must have a device for self-return to the zero position; when using contactors for this, holding them in the on position should be possible only by continuously pressing the start button.
2.12. The suspension of the control device should be carried out on a steel cable of such a length that would allow the employee operating the mechanism to be at a safe distance from the load being lifted; the control device must be located at a height of 1000 to 1500 mm from the floor.
2.13. Before starting work, it is necessary to check that there are no foreign objects in the path of movement of the load and provide free passage for the person operating the electric hoist from the floor.

3. REQUIREMENTS FOR LABOR PROTECTION DURING WORK

3.1. While working with an electric hoist, you must not be distracted from performing your direct duties.
3.2. Before carrying out any movement with the electric hoist, make sure that there are no unauthorized people in the working area of ​​the hoisting machine.
3.3. During the work on strapping and picking up the load, the following safety rules should be observed:
3.3.1. When tying a load, ropes and chains should be applied to its main array (body, bed, frame, frame) without knots, twists and loops.
3.3.2. To protect the slings from damage, special linings should be placed under the ribs of the load.
3.3.3. It is necessary to tie the load in such a way that during its movement, the fall of its individual parts is excluded and a stable position of the load is ensured during movement.
3.4. When tying and hooking loads, the following is prohibited:
3.4.1. To carry out slinging of a load, the mass of which is not known, or if the mass of the load exceeds the carrying capacity of the electric hoist.
3.4.2. Use damaged or unmarked load handling devices.
3.4.3. Use for strapping and fastening loads with devices not intended for this (V-belts, wire, crowbars, pins and other random objects).
3.4.4. Use your hands to straighten the knots and loops in the tensioned ropes and chains.
3.4.5. Correct with hammer blows, sling breakage on the load being lifted.
3.5. When tying the load, it is necessary to select slings (ropes, chains) of such a length that the angle between the branches of the slings when the load is suspended on the hook is no more than 90 degrees.
3.6. Before lifting a load, you must perform the following operations:
3.6.1. Make sure the load is securely attached and not supported by anything.
3.6.2. Check the load for loose parts and tools.
3.6.3. Make sure that the load cannot catch on anything during lifting.
3.6.4. Make sure that there are no people near the load, between the load being lifted and walls, columns, stacks, equipment.
3.7. When lifting and moving a load, the following safety requirements must be met:
3.7.1. Make sure that the mass of the load to be lifted does not exceed the lifting capacity of the electric hoist.
3.7.2. If the weight of the load is close to the permitted carrying capacity of the electric hoist, then the load must be lifted to a height of 200-300 mm, check the correct slinging, the uniformity of the tension of the slings, the action of the brakes, and only then can the load be raised to the required height.
3.7.3. If it is necessary to correct the slinging, the load must be lowered.
3.7.4. Before moving the load horizontally, you must make sure that the load is at a height of at least 0.5 m higher than the objects on the way.
3.7.5. When moving a load, it is necessary to accompany it and make sure that it cannot catch on anything.
3.7.6. Bulky and small-piece cargo should be lifted in a container specially designed for this.
3.8. In order to avoid accidents, when lifting and moving the load, it is prohibited:
3.8.1. Be on the load when lifting or moving, and also allow the load to be lifted or moved if other people are on it.
3.8.2. Stay under a raised load or allow other people to be under it.
3.8.3. Pull back the load while lifting, moving and lowering.

4. REQUIREMENTS FOR LABOR PROTECTION IN EMERGENCY SITUATIONS

4.1. If during the lifting or moving of the load, a malfunction of the electric hoist is noticed, then it is necessary to immediately stop lifting or moving the load, lower it to the floor and inform the person responsible for the safe performance of cranes about the incident.
4.2. In case of a sudden stop of the electric hoist due to the loss of electric voltage in the network or jamming of moving parts, it is necessary to immediately disconnect the electric hoist from the mains with a switch.
4.3. In case of an accident, poisoning, sudden illness, you must immediately provide first aid to the victim, call a doctor or help take the victim to a doctor, and then inform the manager about the incident.
4.4. If a fire or signs of combustion are detected in the working area (smoke, burning smell, temperature rise, etc.), you must immediately notify the fire brigade by phone 101 or 112 and take measures to extinguish the fire source using primary fire extinguishing means.

5. LABOR PROTECTION REQUIREMENTS AT THE END OF WORK

5.1. After finishing work, do not leave the load in a suspended state.
5.2. At the end of the work, the load-handling devices, tools and other equipment should be cleaned of dirt and put in order.
5.3. At the end of the work, you should take off your overalls, footwear and other personal protective equipment and put them in the designated storage place, if necessary, hand them over to washing and cleaning.
5.4. All malfunctions and malfunctions of the electric hoist, load-handling devices and auxiliary tools, as well as other violations of labor protection requirements, should be reported to your immediate supervisor about all the malfunctions and malfunctions of the electric hoist, load-handling devices and auxiliary tools noticed in the course of work.
5.5. At the end of work, you should thoroughly wash your hands with warm water and soap, if necessary, take a shower.

1.1. Persons who are at least 18 years of age, specially trained and certified in accordance with the above Rules and having this mark in the certificate of knowledge verification, may be allowed to operate the hoists and rigging works.

1.2. Hoisting mechanisms (hoists, winches) must be maintained and operated in accordance with the "Rules for the Construction and Safe Operation of Cranes" and "Rules for Safe Working with Tools and Devices".

1.3. On the hoists in operation, the name of the enterprise, the inventory number, the carrying capacity and the date of the next technical examination must be indicated.

1.4. Repair and maintenance of electric hoists must be carried out by electrical personnel with a group of at least III. Workers of the main professions, which, by the nature of the work performed, are related to the operation of hoists, must be trained in a related profession according to a special program. They must be certified by the qualification commission and a record of admission to the execution of slinging works is made in the certificate.

1.5. Electric hoist bodies must be grounded. The body of the push-button control apparatus of the hoist, controlled from the floor, must be made of insulating material, or grounded by at least two conductors; as one of the grounding conductors, a cable can be used, on which the push-button apparatus is suspended.

1.6. Starting devices for manual control of hoists must be suspended on a steel cable of such length that it is possible to operate the mechanism from a safe distance from the load being lifted. If the control device is located less than 0.5 m from the floor, it should be suspended on a hook fixed on a cable at a height of 1-1.5 m.

1.7. Electric hoists must be equipped with limit switches to automatically stop the lifting mechanism. When lifting a load with electric hoists, bring the hook clip up to the limit switch and do not use the latter for automatic stop.

1.8. Electric hoists must be equipped with two brakes: electromagnetic and load-resistant. The safety factor of the braking of the electromagnetic brake must be at least 1.25, and the load-resistant one must be 1.1. Electric hoists must be equipped with a load limiter and a lower hook stop.

1.9. The lifting mechanism for hand hoists must be equipped with an automatic load brake. The brake must ensure a smooth lowering of the load when the traction wheel rotates under the action of the traction force and the automatic stop of the load when its action stops. 1.10. It is prohibited to fasten hand hoists to pipelines and their hangers.

1.11. Stationary hoists are tested on site, portable test hoists are suspended from a tripod or some other structure.

1.12. Hoists, at least once every 12 months, must undergo a full technical examination.

1.13. An extraordinary full technical examination of lifting mechanisms should be carried out after their reconstruction, repair of metal structures of mechanisms with replacement of design elements or units, overhaul or change of mechanisms, replacement of a hook.

1.14. The technical examination must be carried out by an engineer and technical worker who supervises the lifting mechanisms at the enterprise, with the participation of a person responsible for their good condition.

1.15. Static testing of lifting mechanisms is carried out with a load 25% higher than their rated carrying capacity in order to check the strength of the mechanisms and their individual elements. In a static test, the test weight is raised to a height of 100 mm and held in this position for 10 minutes.

1.16. A load lifting device that withstands the static test is subjected to a dynamic test.

1.17. A dynamic test of the lifting mechanism must be carried out with a load 10% higher than the rated lifting capacity of the mechanism in order to check the operation of its brakes.
The safety factor of braking, depending on the mode of operation and the type of drive of the mechanism, should be 1.5-2.5.

1.18. Dynamic tests consist in repeated (at least 6 times) rises to a height of at least 1 m and lowering of the test load.

1.19. During dynamic tests, brakes, limit switches, smooth operation of the load and traction chains are checked. In the event of running, skipping or slipping of the chain along the sprocket and traction wheels, the hoists are rejected.

1.20. In the dynamic test of electric hoists, the operation of the brakes must be checked separately. To check the brakes during operations, the mechanisms must be stopped at least 3 times in each direction.

1.21. When dynamically testing the hoists, all operations should be carried out 2 times, while the action of the lower position of the hook suspension should be checked.
After the end of the tests, the adjustment of the load limiter should be carried out and its operation should be checked.

1.22. When testing hoists, there should be no spontaneous lowering of the load. If cracks, breaks and deformations are found, the hoists are rejected.

1.23. It is allowed to carry out a dynamic test of electric hoists with a load exceeding their rated carrying capacity by 25%. In this case, it is permitted not to carry out the static test.

1.24. The date and results of the technical examination of the lifting mechanism, the person who carried out the survey, writes in the passport of the mechanism indicating the date of the next survey, as well as information about the repairs performed.

1.25. Before commissioning, after major repairs and periodically, but at least once a year, the insulation resistance of the electrical equipment should be measured with a 500 V megohmmeter. The insulation resistance should be at least 0.5 MΩ.

1.26. Electrical equipment of hoists with an insulation resistance of less than 0.5 MΩ must be dried.

2. Safety requirements before starting work.

2.1. The position of the hoist must be determined so that there is sufficient space for viewing the working area and maneuvering.

2.2. The mass of the weights to be lifted must be determined before lifting. The load on the lifting mechanisms must not exceed their carrying capacity.

2.3. For loads for which the available special devices (loops, trunnions, frames) are designed to lift the load in various positions, slinging schemes should be developed.

2.4. The condition of the hoists should be checked before each use.

2.5. Before starting work, the electric steel must be inspected.
At the same time, attention should be paid to their cleanliness, the presence of lubrication, the condition of the chains, ropes, gear teeth and sprockets, the serviceability of the cotter pins or rivets at the ends of the main axle, the reliability of the chains on the sprockets and the fastening of the rope to the drum, wear of the rolling surface of the running rollers, the distance between flanges of rollers and extreme edges of a monorail track, serviceability of the electromagnetic brake of electric hoists and the degree of wear of friction gaskets: condition of electric motors, electrical wiring and contacts, control devices, pantograph and limit switch, no jamming of mechanisms and slippage of chains, as well as the noise level that occurs during the operation of hoists ...
The teeth of sprockets and gears, as well as chains, should not have cracks, burrs and dents on the surface, plate chains should be movable in all hinge joints.

2.6. If defects are found, defective units and parts must be replaced before starting work.

3. Safety requirements during work.

3.1. The place of production of work on lifting and moving loads should be well lit during work.
In case of insufficient lighting at the place of work, heavy snowfall, fog, as well as other cases when the person operating the hoist does not clearly distinguish the signals of the slinger or the moving load, the hoist should be stopped.

3.2. The supply of electrical voltage to the lifting mechanism from the external power supply must be carried out using an input device that has manual and remote control to relieve voltage.

3.3. Load hooks for loads over 3 tons must be made rotating, with the exception of hooks for special purposes.
Load hooks, from the mouth of which removable lifting devices may fall out during operation, must be equipped with a safety lock.

3.4. The lifting of a load for which slinging schemes have not been developed should be carried out in the presence and under the guidance of an employee responsible for the safe conduct of work with cranes.

3.5. The weights suspended from the hook of the lifting mechanism must be securely tied with ropes so that during their movement the fall of individual parts (boards, timber, pipes, etc.) is excluded and a stable position of the load during movement is ensured. Slinging long loads should be done with a double sling, and in the case of vertical lifting - with a sling with a safety clip.

3.6. In the area of ​​movement of goods, all openings must be closed or fenced and warning safety signs posted.

3.7. When moving the load in the horizontal direction, it must first be lifted 0.5 m higher than the objects encountered on the way.

3.8. It is allowed to lower loads to a previously prepared place, where their fall is excluded. For the convenience of removing slings from under the load at the place of its installation, it is necessary to lay strong gaskets under it.

3.9. It is prohibited to lower loads on floors, supports and platforms without preliminary calculation of the structural strength and to overload them in excess of permissible loads.

3.10. It is prohibited to leave the load in a suspended state, as well as to lift and move people with lifting mechanisms that are not intended for lifting them. In the event of a malfunction of the mechanism, when the load cannot be lowered, the place under the suspended load must be fenced and posters "Dangerous zone", "Passage closed" must be displayed.

3.11. Operation with disabled or defective safety devices and brakes is prohibited.
It is forbidden to simultaneously raise or lower two loads that are in close proximity to each other.

3.12. Before lifting, the load must be raised to a height of no more than 300 mm to check the correct slinging, the uniformity of the tension of the slings, the stability of the lifting mechanism and the reliability of the brake, only after that the load should be raised to the required height, to correct the slinging, the load must be lowered.

3.13. The load must be lifted smoothly, without jerking or swaying.

3.14. All rubbing parts of the hoists should be lubricated at least 1 time per month.

4. Safety requirements at the end of work.

4.1. After finishing work, tidy up the workplace, turn off all electric motors of the mechanisms involved in loading and unloading operations,
remove all devices, slings, auxiliary ropes and put in order the rest of the inventory, tools.

4.2. Report the completion of the work to the work supervisor.

4.3. Tidy up overalls, remove dust and dirt, take a shower.

5. Safety requirements in emergency situations.

5.1. In the event of an accident or an emergency, take measures to prevent and eliminate the danger.

5.2. Immediately inform your immediate supervisor of any industrial accident, signs of illness, or a situation that poses a threat to the life and health of people.

5.3. In case of electric shock, it is necessary to immediately release the victim from the action of the current, observing the requirements of electrical safety, provide first aid and call a medical worker, notify the management.

5.4. In the event of a fire, inform the fire brigade by phone 01, the work supervisor and start extinguishing.

5.5. In the event of an accident, it is necessary to provide first aid to the victim, report the incident to the management and, if necessary, call an ambulance.

Below is the safety precautions during the operation of the electric hoist. Full instructions manual can be viewed.

General requirements for safety

Regardless of , what according to Pertinent sections Instruction instructions included instructions for safe operation , it is imperative to observe the following specific requirements :

1. Do not allow lifting and moving the load over service personnel or other persons.
2. Check the brakes and limit switches daily before starting work.
3. The raised load must not be left unattended.
4. Exceeding the rated lifting capacity is not allowed.
5. Do not lift the load at an angle or drag it along the ground.
6. It is necessary to check the condition of the cargo cable and, if necessary, make its timely replacement. When replacing, you should pay attention to the firm fastening of its two ends.
7. After replacing the cable, as well as after repair and re-installation of the electric hoist, it is necessary to check the phase coincidence and adjustment of the limit switch at the upper and lower extreme positions of the load hook (section 4.4).
8. When the maximum permissible axial stroke of the rotor of the electric motor is reached during operation, it is imperative to adjust the brake (section 5.4).
9. When performing maintenance or repair operations on the electric hoist, pay attention to the following:release the electric hoist from the load; withTurn off the power supply using the mains switch and prevent it from being turned on by unauthorized persons or being accidentally turned on.
10. The load hook should be checked for cracks, deformations, and the safety latch is working properly.
11. Bearing bolted connections should be checked to prevent self-loosening.
12. It is necessary to check the reliability of the connection: the protective conductor of the supply cable to the protective bus of the electrical panel; both ends of the protective conductors of the transformer and motor cables.
13. When using electric hoists with a movement mechanism, buffers should be installed at both ends of the monorail track (section 4.8).
14. In all cases when the command switch is removed, the outer metal screws holding it to the shell must be covered again with insulating material.
15. Do not use the limit switch to work as a work switch.
16. Do not try to lift firmly fixed loads from the ground (for example, g ruzes frozen to the ground).
17. The end positions for lifting and horizontal movement of the load can only be used with an operating limit switch.

Requirements for service personnel

To control the electric hoist, certain workers responsible for this mechanism are assigned, and for their maintenance and repair - locksmiths and electricians. All specified persons must undergo proper training in accordance with the "Rules for the construction and safe operation of cranes" and obtain the appropriate certificate. The results of attestation and knowledge testing are documented in a protocol and entered into the knowledge testing log.

Workers of the main professions are allowed to operate the electric hoist from the floor or from a stationary control panel and hang the load on the hook of the electric hoist after appropriate instruction and testing of skills in accordance with the procedure established at the enterprise.

Re-examination of the knowledge of service personnel (crane operators, electricians, locksmiths, slingers) is carried out at least once every 12 months.

Workers of the main professions, servicing the hoists and making the hooking of loads to the hook, must be re-instructed at least once every 12 months.

For proper maintenance of lifting cranes, the owner is obliged to provide crane operators, locksmiths, electricians and slingers with instructions defining their rights, obligations and the procedure for safe work, taking into account the type of electric hoists, specific operating conditions, maintenance and repair of electric hoists and the requirements contained in the "Rules for the construction and safe operation of cranes ".

Work performance and safety

Workers operating the hoist should be on the side of the open part of the drum. The place of work should be well lit and have easy access for service personnel.

The hoist mechanisms are activated by pressing the corresponding button on the button station, to stop - the pressed button is released.

Ropes, chains and other lifting devices must be of proper lifting capacity, have appropriate brands and tags and fully meet the requirements of Gosgortekhnadzor. Ropes and chains should be selected so long that the angle between the branches does not exceed 90 °, an increase in this angle can be allowed only in exceptional cases when the lifting height of the hook does not allow the use of longer ropes and when this excludes the possibility of moving the ropes along the load.

The load should be tied so that the prying devices do not slide off it. Pull ropes and chains must be applied without knots and loops; it is imperative to place shims under the sharp edges to protect the ropes and chains from damage. Small-piece loads must be lifted and moved in specially designed containers.

A load moving in a horizontal direction must be lifted 0.5 m higher than objects on the way.

When moving the hoist, the swinging of the load should be eliminated; when the hoist stops at the moment when the load rope has a maximum deviation from the vertical, it is recommended to switch on the hoist for a short time so that its movement coincides with the direction of the load deflection.

For turning long and bulky loads during their lifting or movement, special guys (hooks) of the appropriate length must be used.

The transported load is allowed to be lowered only to the place designated for this, where it could not fall, overturn or slip. At the place of installation of the load must be pre-laid with appropriate strength of the lining so that the pull ropes or chains can be easily removed from under the load.

The load must be placed on the platform and trolley and removed from them without disturbing balance.

When lifting a load, it must first be raised to a height of no more than 200-300 mm to check the correct slinging and the reliability of the brakes.

Avoid the operation of the impulse (very often alternating inclusions). During operation, it is necessary to monitor the serviceability of both brakes, which must work simultaneously. After the end or during a break in work, the electric hoist must be unloaded, the switch supplying the hoist must be turned off and locked.

IT IS FORBIDDEN:

• The surfaces on which the rollers move, the rolling surfaces of the rollers and the articulated connection of the lifting mechanism with the movement mechanisms should be painted, since the paint interferes with the good adhesion of the rollers to the monorail and increases the grounding resistance of the electric hoist through the monorail.
• During work, be under the load between the load and the wall of the house, column, machine, stack, etc.
• Lift a load that weighs more than the maximum lifting capacity of the hoist. When using electric hoists for lifting and transporting molten metal, liquid slag, the maximum weight of the load should not exceed 75% of the maximum lifting capacity and the requirements of the "Rules for the Design and Safe Operation of Cranes" must be met.
• Exceed the operating mode.
• Simultaneously press the buttons that turn on the opposite movements of the mechanisms, suddenly switch the mechanisms to reverse.
• Use end switches as working bodies for automatic stopping of mechanisms, bring the hoist to the end stops installed on the monorail.
• With the help of a hoist, tear off foundations or loads covered with earth, frozen to the ground, laid by other loads or reinforced with bolts; loosen the pull ropes or chains caught by the load. Lift the load if the rope deviates from the vertical, lift the loads suspended on the hook tip and are in an unstable position, lift the load in a container filled above the sides; move loads in places where a drop of load can cause an explosion, fire or other dangerous consequences.
• Unwind a loose rope at hoists without a rope guide when the suspension is not suspended; equalize suspended or moving loads with the weight of people.
• Operate the electric hoist when open cabinet electrical equipment.
• Install end stops against bogie rollers.
• Work with defective limiters.

Maintenance

The frequency of inspections and the scope of work is established by the administration of the enterprise, based on the specific conditions of work of the hoist. It is recommended to carry out inspections at least once a month and be sure to check them when they are carried out:

• the condition of the monorail track and busbars;
• reliability of grounding;
• the cleanliness of the hoist, the presence and condition of the lubricant;
• the state of the insulation of the electrical supply in accordance with the current standards for the safe operation of mechanisms with an electric drive;
• the condition and operation of the current collector, limit switches, magnetic starters and a button station;
• reliability of fastening of the cargo rope and its condition;
• tightening of bolts, contact and other connections, as well as the presence and condition of stoppers (spring washers, cotter pins and other parts that provide locking);
• suspension condition and hook mobility (rotation, rolling);
• condition of gears;
• the work of the brakes;
• condition and operation of the rope-laying machine.
• The results of inspections and notes on the elimination of identified malfunctions are recorded in the periodic inspection log.

Inspection of the hoist by a responsible person should be carried out before starting work, and any malfunctions found during this should be immediately eliminated.

Maintenance labor:

Monthly - 8 person-hours;

Annual - 18 person-hours.

Standards for working off the time until the next maintenance:

Monthly - 62 cars hours;

Annual - 740 cars hours.

The norms of working off the time until the next repair:

Current - 740 cars. hours;

Capital - 4500 cars. hours.

Note. The labor costs for maintenance and the norms for working out the time before maintenance, routine and overhaul of electric hoists are given based on operation in normal production conditions with their loading in an average operating mode with an equivalent load of 0.5<ЗН с коэффициентом использования по времени в год 0,5, в сутки - 0,67 и в час - 0,25.

When the electric hoist is operating in lighter or heavier modes, monthly labor costs per hour. and the norms of working out the time until the next maintenance and current repairs in the machine. hours change accordingly.

If calculated correctly, the electric hoist can withstand double the load. But this does not mean that you need to operate it at full capacity. It is necessary to strictly adhere to the operating mode specified in the mechanism passport.

At the time of installation, the work of the workshop is terminated. A preliminary check of the technical condition of the overhead track is carried out. The monorail track must be grounded. If there is none, the craftsmen must ground the non-current-carrying metal parts. The ground wire must be a different color to distinguish it from the power wire.

An electric hoist can be mounted on a monorail track in any part of it. But if the device is not installed from the end, it is necessary to disassemble the carts. Also, for more convenient performance of all work, you can remove the hook block and switch panel. After the installation of the trolley hoist, the panel and the hook are reassembled and mounted on the lifting mechanism.

After the hoist is mounted on a monorail track, it is connected to the power grid. After connecting all cables, check. The hoist hook must move in the direction indicated on the switch. The correct phase connection is determined by the position of the rope guide. It should stay in the middle of the drum.

If you want to use the talfer in an open area where the power grid is not provided, then an alternative option would be hand hoist.

Preparation for commissioning

The hoist cannot be put into operation immediately after installation. The entire mechanism must be checked and debugged. First, a visual inspection is performed, during which:

• the reliability of all connections and the oil level are checked;
• the operation of starters and switches is adjusted;
• the electromagnet, the ring current collector and the brush holder are checked.

When the mechanism is first started, no load is applied. The hoist is checked for operability, the brake system is set up, the "stop" button is checked. If everything is working properly, the rated load is applied to the hook. With a positive result and confirmation that the installation of the hoist was done correctly, the mechanism is put into operation.