Greenboard panels are a unique building material designed for a wide range of works. This domestic development successfully replaces plywood, MDF, chipboard, drywall, DSP,. The panels are fiberboards made from wood wool and special quality cement. Wood wool is a thin fiber from coniferous trees in the form of long ribbons.
The thickness of such a fiber is about 2-5 mm, and the length is 25 cm. High-quality cement of the M500 brand is used for the manufacture of panels. Special physical properties panels are achieved thanks to long wood strips, which are pre-mineralized with water glass.
Fiberboard history
The beginning of the production of fiberboard in the USSR took place in the 1930s. There were several dozen factories in the country for the production of this material. As a rule, every woodworking plant had such a plant. In 1975, the volume of fiber plates produced was about three million cubic meters.
However, in the 80s of the 20th century, the production of this material in the USSR was completely curtailed. This material received a second chance to develop, presenting itself as a material High Quality with unique technical and operational properties.
Panel characteristics
Greenboard panels have the unique qualities of wood and the strength of cement. This is achieved due to the fact that the basis of the material are these two materials in a ratio of 60% wood and 40 cement.
Panel properties:
- the panels have very high strength and elasticity, they perfectly resist resistance, stretching and tearing;
- the material is resistant to cracking under high loads and sharp impacts;
- plates are almost not afraid of fire;
- are resistant to high humidity, swelling and warping of sheets due to being in a humid environment;
- high resistance to the formation of rot, mold and fungi;
- has pronounced and soundproof qualities;
- the material tolerates heat and cold well;
- the manufacturer claims a high service life of the material - almost unlimited due to the fact that the material is not subject to chemical destructive processes and the action of biofactors;
- Greenboard plates do not harm human health, since they do not contain formaldehydes, phenols and other carcinogens in their composition.
- All boards are very easy to handle and hold fasteners perfectly.
All of the above qualities determine the popularity of these panels among developers and private home builders.
Application of panels
Greenboard panels solve the problems of builders in frame and monolithic construction. In particular, the material is used:
- for cladding of internal partitions and external walls in private and commercial housing construction;
- is the basis for roofing materials- as a base, continuous flooring;
- ideal for use as permanent formwork;
- as a rough covering material in the manufacture of floors and ceilings;
- the use of fiberboard panels allows to significantly increase the energy efficiency of the facility being built due to the fact that they are able to effectively regulate air exchange and moisture exchange.
Fiberboard types
Fiberboard panels are classified according to their density:
- GB1 - panels of low density and strength, used for sound insulation and noise absorption, thermoregulation and hydroregulation, used as acoustic material, permanent formwork and material for interior cladding.
- GB450 - panels of low density and strength, used for external and internal cladding, for the construction of walls and partitions, permanent formwork, material with acoustic properties, for interior and decoration, for ceiling filing.
- GB600 is a medium density and strength panel for use in the external cladding of frame buildings and partitions, as well as for the construction of permanent formwork.
- GB2 - panels of medium density and strength for the construction of walls, their cladding, ceiling lining, creating a screed under the roof.
- GB3 - panels of high density and strength.
- GB1050 - high strength panels for external and internal cladding, with frame construction, to create a sub-floor, as a base for a soft roof.
- The GB L board is a very low density material that is used as insulation, heat insulator and sound insulator for any walls and partitions.
- Board of type GB F - is a single-layer material of sufficiently high density, which has a protective decorative coating.
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The panels are produced in 3 types:
1. GB1 - low density slabs (250-572 kg / m3).
Main function: heat and sound insulation, thermal and hydro regulation of the indoor climate
2. GB2 - medium density slabs (600-800 kg / m3).
Main function: enclosing, structural in conjunction with a concrete "core" or frame
3. GB3 - high density slabs (1000-1400 kg / m3).
Main function: structural, enclosing, facing, finishing
GB1 panels are usually used as insulating material, GB2 as structural material or permanent formwork, and GB3 as structural or enclosing material.
The dimensions of the slabs are from 2500 mm in length, 600 mm in width and from 10 to 100 mm in thickness.
Benefits
- durability - the panels can be used for up to 100 years, this is ensured by the silicates contained in the cement, and the fact that the carbonization processes continue in the cement, which make the panels only stronger over time;
- environmental friendliness - the characteristics of green board slabs allow them to be used in housing construction, as they "breathe" and create an atmosphere favorable for humans. They do not emit harmful chemicals;
- thermal insulation - the high percentage of wood and the porous structure of the panels make them a good insulating material;
- immutability - the panels retain their original dimensions, do not dry out or deform;
- resistance to adverse effects - such panels withstand temperature extremes, are earthquake-resistant, they do not rot, fungus or mold does not live on them;
- fire resistance - panels are low-combustible materials.
Application
Fiberboard green board is widely used in housing construction. made from greenboard is slightly higher than the panel made from OSB-3. more durable and environmentally friendly, built in a matter of days and cost significantly less than houses from traditional materials... It is convenient to use such panels - their size and weight allow them to be mounted without special equipment. The houses are energy efficient. If the air overheats, greenboard plates absorb this heat, and when cold, the panels give off the accumulated heat. The microclimate in such a structure is especially favorable for humans. At the same time, the plates do not emit any harmful substances, they are absolutely environmentally friendly, reliable and safe.
is used for:
- external wall cladding made of straw panels;
- creation of walls;
- floor finishes;
- roof sheathing.
Read about how the greenboard fiberboard is used in each of these cases below.
Fibrolite Is a compressed and hardened mixture of prepared wood chips (60%), Portland cement (39.7%) and water glass (0.3%). But in the manufacture of slabs, not chips are used, but whole wood fiber up to 25 cm long (the so-called wood wool). This achieves phenomenal flexural and compressive strength.
Greenboard fiberboards (GOST 8928) are made by pressing a mixture of specially cut wood chips on wood-wool machines according to GOST 5244 (length 400-500 mm, width 4-7 mm, thickness 0.25-0.5 mm), Portland cement grade not lower than 400 (GOST 10178), chemical additives (calcium chloride, liquid glass, lime, aluminum sulfate) and water.
Wood wool shavings look like this:
The stove has many advantages over similar stoves:
- Environmental friendliness.
Does not emit toxic substances.
Maintenance of optimal humidity by 4 times better than wood
- Structural strength
Not subject to shrinkage during operation
- Fire safety.
Fiberboard boards belong to the group G1 (slightly flammable) flammability, B1 (hardly flammable), RP1 do not spread the flame, D1 small smoke-generating ability.
Plates belong to the class of toxicity of combustion products T1 low-hazard.If a 50mm thick fibreboard is attached directly to a 50mm reinforced concrete floor, the fire resistance of the floor increases from 30 minutes to 3 hours.
- Durability
Service life over 100 years
- Moisture resistance
Since wood wool is mineralized with cement, moisture loses its effect on the material. The boards can be applied even in damp conditions, for example, ceilings over swimming pools.
- Durability
The density of fiberboard is from 250 to 1050 kg per cubic meter.
- Thermal insulation
Due to its relatively low density, fiberboard has good thermal properties - minimal thermal conductivity.
- Soundproofing
The material has a high sound absorption coefficient. Even acoustic rooms are sheathed with Green Board!
- Crack resistance
- Resistant to rodents and insects
- Frost resistance
Slabs come in different thicknesses, but 1 cm thick slabs are suitable for decorating a house made of straw panels.
Application of the greenboard plate:
1. Decorating straw panels
Outside straw panels are sheathed with high-strength fiberboard plates and facade finishing is applied. The choice of facade materials is practically unlimited.
It can be:facing with facade bricks, siding, block house, facade plaster with subsequent painting, stone facing, etc.
Inside straw panels after sheathing with Green Board fiberboard are plastered with clay plaster.
For finishing straw panels, a 1cm thick slab can be used.
2. Partitions
Partition frames offered by our company are as follows:
Therefore, it becomes necessary to sheathe or fill them with something. Accordingly, we suggest using Greenboard fiberboard.
The simplest fibrolite partitions are made up of one or two layers of slabs placed on the edge and connected to each other and to adjacent structural elements alabaster (gypsum) solution with the addition of 20 - 30% lime. Such a solution quickly sets and binds the slabs into a fairly strong wall.
Fiberboard partitions can be made up to about 3.0 m in height and up to 3.0 - 4.0 m in length.
For large partitions fibrolite is used in combination with frame walls: the frame is installed, and then sheathed with a fiberboard plate.
This is how it will look:
3. Fiberboard floor
Fiberboard has exceptional sound insulation properties and, when used in floor construction, is ahead of all known methods and quiet floor technologies providing additional insulation floor slabs up to 20 dB.
Stove securely protects against impact and airborne noise. The surface of the slab allows the use of all types floor coverings from linoleum to tiles. The use of slabs in floors is based on the screed technology. The product is convenient to use: does not creak, does not rot, does not collapse under the influence of moisture.
4. Roof cladding with fiberboard plates
Fibrolite is also used for roofing. The slabs are attached to the base of the roof, thus providing preparation for the installation of roofing materials. Another very important property of fiberboard is that it belongs to non-combustible materials. This makes it possible to weld any roll coatings onto the fiberboard by means of an open flame.
Operation of the Green Board:
Fiberboard can be saw, mill.
Allowed drill holes in the slabs, drive nails into them.
Fiberboard is excellent finished with plaster.
You can use it apply a layer of paint, wallpaper, sheathe with siding or any other coating.
Green Boards are a new generation of fiberboard. By itself, the fiberboard material has been known for a long time and is successfully used in the construction business. To create it, cement and wood in the form of wood fibers, "wood wool" are used. During hardening, cement binds the mass into a single monolith, providing high compressive strength inherent in concrete, surface density. Wood fibers provide relative flexibility of the material and lower density than concrete.
Fiberboard is a compressed and hardened mixture of specially prepared wood wool with Portland cement. According to its intended purpose, fiberboard can be heat-insulating (used for thermal insulation of buildings) and heat-insulating-structural. In the latter case, it is used for the installation of partitions and filling wooden frames walls.
Mineralizing additives are additionally introduced into the composition of Green Board fiberboard boards, which improve the strength and density of the boards. As with traditional fiberboard, denser boards can be used as an alternative to OSB boards, and less dense boards for insulation purposes.
The environmental safety of Green Board is indisputable. The boards do not contain toxic and carcinogenic components such as formaldehyde or phenols, as well as asbestos fibers.
The stability of the material under operating conditions makes Greenboard slabs the optimal material for facade work and the construction of frame houses. Plates are practically not subject to biological and chemical destruction, and the frost resistance index (at least 50 cycles) is comparable to the frost resistance index of bricks. In a humid environment, the slabs do not swell, deform or crumble. The material of the plates has a high capillary effect; therefore, it is advisable to protect the outer surfaces from moisture. The positive qualities of Greenboard plates include their low hygroscopicity and lack of tendency to warping.
Despite the fact that 60% of the Green Board is made of wood, due to the saturation of the wood fiber mass with cement, they belong to the group of low-combustible materials (G1). This means that the stoves do not support combustion. Under the influence of the flame, they smolder or char, and after the removal of the source of the flame, the smoldering ceases.
Greenboard plates are used as the basis for permanent formwork when erecting walls, partitions, floors in buildings with monolithic and frame-panel housing construction. The construction system with the use of fixed fiberboard formwork was developed in detail by Velox (Austria) and is used in multi-storey and cottage construction.
Considering the operation of any building in a variable climate, both thermal insulation and heat storage are equally important. Green Boards are capable of storing 20 times more heat than conventional thermal insulation materials. Plates have high thermal insulation properties, which remain during the entire service life of the building.
The physical parameters of Green Board boards, such as density, modulus of elasticity, sound absorption parameters, the presence of a cellular structure, make this product an excellent material for regulating noise levels (sound absorption) and for reducing acoustic transmission (sound insulation).
Due to the special processing of wood in the manufacturing process with a mineralizer and the tight adhesion of wood fibers to cement, Greenboard boards are not affected by bacteria, fungi, insects and rodents.
Green Board boards are simple and easy to handle and install; securely hold fasteners, maintainable. Due to the low coefficient of linear expansion, the problem of the formation of gaps at the joints of the plates is practically eliminated. The ability of the slabs to withstand significant loads allows them to be used as construction materials... All traditional finishes are acceptable for Green Boards.
Today, fibreboard has become very popular in the building materials market. By itself, this material can be called universal. Plates are used for interior wall and floor cladding. The composition of fiberboard contains various components (wood wool, cement or magnesite fiberboard). Depending on its composition, it is subdivided into types. Read more about the use of fiberboard plates later in the article.
Characteristics and properties of fibreboard
- As mentioned above, fiberboard is a versatile material used in various fields of repair and construction. In addition to floor and wall cladding, it is successfully used for the installation of internal partitions, roof overlap, as well as for the installation of formwork.
- Sizes of fiberboard boards can be different, depending on where they will be used. They contain wood wool, which is a rather dense ribbon-like thread, the length of which varies from 20 to 55 cm.
- Fiberboard boards have many positive qualities, due to which they are increasingly used today in the field of repair and construction. They are valued for their reliability, strength, durability, good performance properties... In European countries, fiberboard houses built in the last century are still in good condition.
- The fact that fiberboard slabs on Portland cement have excellent characteristics is also evidenced by the results of testing carried out by Italian craftsmen. They confirmed that the material holds its shape well in various weather conditions, does not deform. This is achieved due to the strong structure of the wood thread and special silicates contained in the composition of the boards. In addition, all constituent components are treated with special mineralizing agents that protect the material from any chemical attack. Over time, as a result of the carbonization process, the characteristics of the material improve, so that it remains strong and reliable for many years.
The material was widely disseminated on the territory of Russia in the late 1930s. Since that time, the number of workshops and workshops engaged in the production of fiberboard floorboards has only increased. Today, as mentioned above, fiberboard is used not only for cladding floors and walls, but also for the installation of formwork in frame-concrete and monolithic construction.
Types of fibrolite [slabs
According to the current GOST standards No. 8928–81, depending on the thermal insulation properties, fiberboard is classified into the following types:
- F-300 - has thermal insulation properties,
- F-400 - structural and heat-insulating fiberboard,
- F-500 - acoustic fiberboard.
According to the degree of density and strength, the material is divided into the following types:
- GB1 - low density fiberboard,
- GB2 - material with medium density indicators,
- GB3 - material with high density indicators,
- GB4 - combined fiberboard (layered) - in these slabs layers of low and high density alternate,
- GB1L - material with minimum density indicators, used for heat and sound insulation,
- GB3F - combined fiberboard, in addition to high performance density, it has a special decorative coating.
Fiberboard finishing boards have many advantages, including fire resistance, wear resistance, strength, resistance to mechanical damage (damage from insects or small rodents). The material is considered a good heat insulator and sound insulator. That is why fiberboard today is very often used for interior cladding of premises in residential buildings... However, this will require a material with a minimum density.
Fiberboard installation is necessary when installing basements and permanent formwork... The use of such material allows you to reduce the estimate construction works almost 60%. Robust fiberboard of the GB3 class is used in the construction of frame buildings as external walls or interior partitions... In this case, a wooden or metal frame is sheathed with them.
Slabs of the F-500 class are used as a sound insulator in the arrangement of staircases and lobbies. And if the fiberboard is additionally covered decorative trim, made of roofing fiber, then it can be used for cladding the roofs of wooden buildings.
- Good thermal insulation.
- Excellent sound insulating properties.
- High strength.
- Frost resistance.
- Good thermal and hydro regulation.
- Fire resistance (material class G1).
- Water resistance (the material does not lose its properties and shape when moisture gets on it).
Considering all the characteristics of the material, you can not be afraid to mount hidden electrical wiring in fiberboard plates. In addition, this material can be successfully combined with other types of claddings.
GreenBoard contains wood wool (over 55%). Due to this fact, they act as a moisture "accumulator". When exposed to humid air, excess moisture penetrates deep into the slab structure, where it accumulates. If the air in the room becomes too dry, the stove will give moisture back. Thanks to this, the room can be kept at an optimal level of humidity. Unlike other materials, such as wood, fiberboard boards do not change their dimensions due to changes in temperature and humidity, which makes them an excellent finishing and building material.
Among the disadvantages of fiberboard boards, one can single out their relatively high weight. If you compare them with wood, then they are about 15-20% heavier, but in comparison with concrete they are much lighter.
The popularity of the use of GreenBoard boards has recently increased several times. This material is considered the most promising for exterior and interior decoration, as well as for the construction of frame houses. It is very often used for the manufacture of formwork.
This popularity is due to the excellent functional characteristics of the material and ease of installation. In low-rise frame construction, fiberboard can be an excellent alternative to OSB. Due to the use of wood waste in production, the cost of such material is competitive. The price of the slab depends on its density.
Fiberboard installation procedure
The installation process of fiberboard boards depends on their area of application. When insulating a building with this material, the installation process resembles the installation of expanded polystyrene panels.
- First, plaster residues and possible places of contamination are removed from the surface of the outer wall of the building. Fiberboard is glued to the wall surface with a special glue. It is sold in the form of a dry mixture, which must be diluted with water for use. The consistency of the finished solution should not be too liquid. Otherwise, the plate will slide under its own weight. When preparing the solution, it is necessary to take into account the speed of laying the material. If it is low, due to little experience, it is better to knead a small amount of glue. The fact is that it grasps pretty quickly, and after hardening, it is strictly forbidden to use it. Working with "small batches" will reduce material consumption.
- Laying of fibreboard when external insulation the facade is carried out from the bottom up. In this case, the rows, like brickwork, should go with overlap. In simple words: the middle of the top row slab should be at the junction of the two slabs of the previous one.
- During installation, the adhesive solution is applied with a continuous level both on the wall and on the back surface of the board. A special spatula with a serrated end is used to apply the glue.
- After laying the slabs, they are additionally fastened with special dowels. They are shaped like an umbrella. Thanks to the large head, such dowels securely hold the slab. Each of them requires 5 dowels. One is installed in the center, the rest in the corners. The length of the fasteners depends on the thickness of the board. Inside the wall, it must go at least 50 mm.
- After the slabs are installed, they can be plastered. The plaster protects the fiberboard from the effects of ultraviolet radiation and, especially, moisture.
- Before applying the plaster, a reinforcing mesh is applied to the surface of the slabs. It is simply glued to the surface with glue, which is rubbed with a spatula. Then, after the glue dries, a layer of plaster is applied, which is rubbed and primed. After the primer is dry, paint for exterior façade works is applied to its surface.
- During construction frame house, fiberboard plates are attached directly to the building frame. Moreover, they are installed both outside and inside. You can put a layer between them inside mineral wool which will make the building warmer.
- From above, the slabs can be covered with siding, thereby protecting them from moisture, or they can be plastered and painted. Recently, the decoration of external walls with tiles that imitate brick has been popular. She has excellent appearance, performance characteristics, serves quite a long time. However, this type of finishing is very laborious and costs a lot.
- When interior decoration premises, the surface of fiberboard plates is plastered or sewn up with plasterboard.